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AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Picks for the 26th of April 2024

AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Picks for the 26th of April 2024

10. Salk Institute: Work known as the Harnessing Plants Initiative is focused on optimizing the ability of plants to help combat climate change, sometimes via root systems in order to help reduce carbon dioxide. Problematically when plants die they do release carbon dioxide too. One key to the HPI project maybe altering the affects of Suberin. The Salk Institute received 50 million USD last year from the Hess Corporation to fight climate change.

9. Anticipation: Chicago is celebrating today after landing quarterback Caleb Williams and wide receiver Rome Odunze as hoped. However, as the August 2024 Democratic National Convention approaches, trepidation for the potential of nasty demonstrations is building.

8. Quantum Investing: Oak Ridge National Laboratory has announced a successful test using the H1-1 computer via Quantinuum to study the spread of disease via quantum mathematical models. Honeywell International Inc. owns a large stake in Quantinuum which is a stand alone company valued at approximately 5 billion USD.

7. Speculative: Gold is near 2348.00, the price is below values seen last week, but remains high via some perspectives as the USD creates havoc.

6. Forex: Whipsaw volatility has been seen in foreign exchange as financial institutions fight to get a proper gauge on their mid-term outlooks. Equilibrium will continue to be fought over today.

5. Fixed Income: U.S Treasury yields are battling within higher ground as investors look for guaranteed returns as behavioral sentiment remains fragile. And there is a likelihood the next four days of trading will continue to produce a whirlwind.

4. Equities: Major U.S indices continue to grapple with headwinds caused by a murky economic outlook. Retail traders speculating via CFD’s should remain careful. Patience is a key for the S&P 500, Nasdaq Composite, and Dow 30. Trying to ‘time’ the indices for short-term wagers is dangerous because technical trends are vulnerable.

3. Data: U.S Core Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index statistics will be released today, inflation via the GDP Price Index came in higher than expected yesterday. Forex will react to the PCE results which is anticipated to have a gain of 0.3%. Financial institutions do not need another scare today. The Revised University of Michigan Inflation Expectations reading should also be given attention which will be published afterwards.

2. BoJ: The Bank of Japan is clearly playing a game of truth or dare with Forex. Having held interest rates at merely 0.10% earlier today, the USD/JPY climbed comfortably above 156.000 and is presently near the 156.540. The BoJ will remain in the news as the USD/JPY trades around a 34 year high. As financial institutions clamor for a higher interest rate, the BoJ apparently is more concerned with creating dynamic export demand and growing Japan’s economy, believing it can keep inflation under control. Speculators need to be on alert for an intervention from the Bank of Japan, but cannot count on one either.

1. Analysis Paralysis: The Federal Reserve was served an intriguing dose of results via the lower than expected growth numbers from the Gross Domestic Product yesterday, while digesting a higher GDP Price Index. Jerome Powell has stressed caution and patience. However, yesterday’s stubborn inflation numbers with waning growth creates the prospect for stagflation. This is an important political year because of the upcoming U.S elections in November. Next Wednesday the Fed’s FOMC Meeting pronouncements will be made. There will not be a change to the Federal Funds Rate on the 1st of May. It is the FOMC Statement’s vocabulary which will get attention. Today’s inflation reports will play a role in next week’s Fed meeting. Day traders may want to tune out political noise from pundits today which will certainly be sounded. The inflation numbers globally are tricky, and have created overthinking by investors and central banks which remain mostly reactive.

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AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Missiles for the 19th of April 2024

AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Missiles for the 19th of April 2024

10. Fusion: The U.S Senate presented legislation yesterday which creates guidelines allowing the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to authorize commercial investment and research of fusion energy. Significant strides are being made in the technology and the U.S government is preparing for the newest developments.

9. Cup of Joe: Your cafe is going to get more expensive. Robusta and Arabica coffee both remain at higher values having hit apex prices respectively this Wednesday and Thursday. And Cocoa remains ‘comfortably’ above 11,000.00 USD per metric ton this morning.

8. United Arab Emirates: The UAE has been hit by heavy weather, suffering its biggest rainfall in 75 years. It was reported that over 14 centimeters of rain fell this Tuesday in Dubai, which is the equivalent to one and a half year’s worth of typical accumulation in the city.

7. India Elections: The vote in the world’s biggest democracy has begun as millions decide on the the Lok Sabha. The election process will take place for nearly a month and a half with the results formally being presented on 4th of June. The Bharatiya Janata Party is expected to win a majority in the House of the People, thus likely re-electing Narendra Modi as the country’s Prime Minister.

6. Gold: The precious metal remains within sight of record values with the price around 2,388.00 USD per ounce. Today’s earlier ratios touched the 2,420.00 vicinity.

5. Cone of Silence: Israel and Iran have remained mum on military counterstrike action scuttlebutt, which was heard this morning throughout global media. The silence from the two nations did not stop the Nikkei 225 Index from dropping over 1000 points upon the news.

4. Bitcoin Halving: A coding change is anticipated to occur soon in Bitcoin which will affect ‘mining’ parameters for the digital asset. The code change will double the amount processing needed to create one BTC, making it twice as expensive for Bitcoin operators. Day traders tempted to wager on BTC/USD over the next couple of days need to be careful. BTC/USD is near 64,560.00 at the moment of this report.

3. Fear Factor: Price of WTI Crude Oil is near 82.70 USD per barrel. Large energy traders continue to show they are experienced in geopolitics, remaining relatively calm as Middle East concerns are being brandished.

2. While Flag: U.S Fed Chairman Jerome Powell conceded that inflation remains stubborn earlier this week. Stagflation is not being discussed openly by the Fed, but it is likely raising concerns among global central bankers. The USD has returned to very strong levels as financial institutions brace for the possibility of U.S interest rates remaining high into the late summer.

1. Behavioral Sentiment: Equity indices, Treasury yields and Forex are within the midst of nervous seas as central banks and geopolitical concerns create storms. Speculators should make sure they pay attention to the waters they traverse with their bets, which could prove dangerous to navigate in the near-term.

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Retail Traders Caught Out by Shifting Sentiment as Data Hits

Retail Traders Caught Out by Shifting Sentiment as Data Hits

Forex speculators who relied heavily on technical data solely last week were likely punched in the gut by the rather surprising numbers from the Consumer Price Index results in the U.S last Wednesday, particularly if they were on the wrong side of trading trajectories. U.S inflation has shifted sentiment within many large investors with a rather seismic move regarding mid-term outlooks. Financial institutions which have been counting on cuts to the Federal Funds Rate have had to take a step backwards.

EUR/USD Five Day Chart as of 15th April 2024

The dynamic momentum in Forex hit major currency pairs in the middle of last week and washed away support and resistance levels within a blink of the eye. Behavioral sentiment turned U.S Treasuries yields upwards and the major equity indices also experienced nervousness. Volatility also continued in Gold as new record values were produced, and then were followed by a rather strong reversal lower which likely hurt over-leveraged day traders.

Gold Five Day Chart as of 15th April 2024

Not only were U.S inflation numbers important last week, but geopolitical noise became heightened. Perhaps the climb in Gold before the weekend was helped by the anticipated conflict between Iran and Israel which did play out. The price of the precious metal and WTI Crude Oil have been more tranquil early today, which may be a signal for the moment that large market players are calm.

Monday, 15th of April, U.S Core Retail Sales – after last week’s larger than expected increase in the CPI results, the spending report today will get attention from financial institutions. Last Friday’s Preliminary Price Expectations reading from the University of Michigan did not allow investors to rest when it came in with a 3.1% elevated mark. If today’s Retail statistics are above expectations, this could make Forex roil again.

Tuesday, 16th of April, China Industrial Production and Gross Domestic Product – these economic reports will be watched closely by international investors. While there have been murmurs that China’s economy is improving, and media reports that the Biden administration is trying to engage diplomatically, the industrial and GDP results are expected to be weaker than the previous month’s outcomes. China will also release Retail Sales figures.

GBP/USD Five Day Chart as of 15th April 2024

Tuesday, 16th of April, U.K Claimant Count Change – last Friday’s GDP report from Britain did not produce any significant surprises. The U.K economy continues to struggle, but like most spheres inflation remains a problem. The GBP/USD sunk violently last week, while many speculators may believe it is currently oversold they may want to remain cautious.

Because of the U.S Federal Reserve’s own perilous fight against inflation, there are some who believe the Bank of England may need to cut interest rates before the U.S central bank. However, given the lack of proactive characteristics from the BoE and ECB which have been on full display as they dance in step with the Federal Reserve, this makes a BoE cut before the Fed a skeptical notion for the time being. The GBP/USD will stay largely USD centric even in the wake of this U.K employment report.

Tuesday, 16th of April, U.S FOMC Members – a parade of Federal Reserve voting policymakers will speak at various events, this includes Fed Chairman Jerome Powell. There will likely be little in the way of surprises from the Fed members as they likely all stick to ‘party’ lines and emphasize a cautious outlook.

Wednesday, 17th of April, U.K Consumer Price Index – the inflation report could prove to be catalyst for the GBP/USD. If the CPI number does come in weaker than expected it could spur on behavioral sentiment shifts regarding the potential for changes to BoE policy. Because the GBP/USD was so volatile the past week, day traders should be prepared for rather combustible price action from the currency pair which may look counter-intuitive. Smaller speculators should remember that ‘smart money’ from larger players may be positioned for the results of the U.K CPI data already.

Thursday, 18th of April, U.S Weekly Unemployment Claims – although not the most significant of reports usually, financial institutions are ‘waiting’ on a change of statistical direction via labor market evidence. If jobs numbers start to come in weaker than anticipated – meaning there are higher jobless claims – then the USD could react with some selling.

Friday, 19th of April, U.K Retail Sales – having endured a rather wild trading cycle, Great Britain will deliver one more important economic report to end this week. The GBP/USD will react to the consumer spending results.

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Iran Front and Center: 60 Tons of Explosives Sent Towards Israel

Iran Front and Center: 60 Tons of Explosives Sent Towards Israel

The Israel-Iran War is soon to enter its 7th month even though last night was the first face to face confrontation between the two countries.

There was much less panic in the air on the “Israeli street” than one would expect after Iranian threats over the last week. I was clearly wrong in my assessment that Iran would not want to start something big with Israel and risk having a chunk of their strategic power degraded but it is hard predicting what fanatics will do. The question is if the utter failure of the attack will bring Iran shame in the Muslim world or if the fact that they sent missiles and drones will be counted as a “victory” even if no damage was done to Israel. Or it could be that Iran was counting on Biden-Blinken holding back Israel from responding and sure enough, NBC is reporting exactly that:

President Joe Biden has privately expressed concern that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is trying to drag the U.S. more deeply into a broader conflict, according to three people familiar with his comments.

Last night at about 8:15pm IDF Homefront Command announced that all schools and all educational activity would be cancelled until further notice, angering parents everywhere. A few minutes later they announced that 10’s or hundreds of drones were launched from Iran and on their way to Israel. The news reported that it would take 8-10 hours to arrive, sparking this to make its round on the Whatsapp groups in this very interconnected country:

Google maps also cooperated:

Friends and family in Jerusalem and surrounding areas were awakened by alarms and scurried to the bomb shelters, children in their arms. There were alarms also in the West Bank, the Golan Heights and the Northern Negev dessert. Apparently, the main targets were two air force bases. One was hit by one missile and minor damage was done and the other was untouched. One 7 year old Bedouin girl was critically injured from pieces of a rocket that was shot down. The headline ought to read: Shiite Missile Critically Injures 7 year old Sunni Girl. 

The effectiveness of Israel’s air defense system seems to have surprised even the Israeli Air Force and special thanks has to be given to President Ronald Reagan for ignoring the comics and media (but I repeat myself) and many scientists and engineers (the experts!) as they made fun of his Strategic Defense Initiative and called it “Star Wars” – claiming that it was something undo-able and dangerous even to talk about.

Then Senator Joe Biden, using his favorite word, “provoke”, is quoted in this 1985 NY Times article:

Senator Joseph R. Biden Jr., Democrat of Delaware, pressed hard for reassurance about whether the proposed defensive weapons might be fired by mistake, thus provoking the Soviet Union to launch a real attack.
 

The Biden foreign policy theory for the last 40 years or more is based on not “provoking” your enemy, no matter the cost and appeasing your enemy at any cost.

Special thanks to the U.S armed forces who shot down numerous drones as did the U.K’s air force as well as Jordan’s. There might have been other Middle Eastern countries involved as there is an unofficial regional air defense system set up with Abraham Accord countries and others not part of the Accords. 100% of the suicide drones and 100% of the cruise missiles and 92% of the ballistic missiles were shot down by Israel’s layered “star wars” system. 

If the IRG is honest with themselves, they will understand that they have been defeated. A combination of 300 drones, cruise missiles and ballistic missiles were shot at Israel at once and no drones and no cruise missiles got through. Of the 110 ballistic missiles shot at Israel, 101 were intercepted and only one reached its target. Israeli defense firms closed higher in Tel Aviv Stock Exchange trading today. I imagine Iran’s potential clients are having second thoughts. China too, must be wondering about their own offensive and defensive systems.  

So where does this leave us now?

The War Cabinet assigned to Netanyahu, Gantz and Defense Minister Gallant needs to decide on an Israeli response. I am not sure that Israel has the firepower to destroy Iran’s nuclear sites on its own and there is almost no chance we will see U.S B52’s involved.

So the most obvious target is probably off the table.  It seems that the U.S Administration is pressuring Israel not to respond at all and to leave things as they are. This should not surprise anyone who has been awake for the last six months.

Israel and Iran have been at war for the last 6 months – one could say for the last two decades. This was clear to everyone except Biden-Blinken who could have shortened the war and the suffering by punishing Iran for their attacks on US sailors and soldiers.  Instead, they appeased Iran and released $10 billion to them essentially letting Iran hit Israel with this money.   

 The Scroll is reporting that:

We are now waiting to see how Israel responds. Although an unnamed “senior Israeli official” has been quoted promising a “significant response” to the attacks, Iran appears to have pre-cleared the attacks with the United States via the Oman diplomatic backchannel. And according to Roi Kais of Israel’s Kan News, a U.S. official told Saudi Arabia’s Al-Arabiya on Friday, “the United States will take part in the response to the Iranian response if Tehran escalates the situation inappropriately”—which means that the United States tacitly approved an appropriate level of Iranian escalation, such as, we don’t know, a “symbolic” drone-and-missile attack.

The United States has also, as Barack Ravid reported Friday, demanded to “have a say before decisions are made about any retaliation by Israel.”

If true, that is cynicism taken to the ‘Nth degree’. True enough, the United States needs to watch after its own national interests, but is it possible that the U.S government considers Iran its equal and Israel its vassal? Were Israel faced with a missile attack from China an argument could be made that U.S interests take precedence over Israel’s – but Iran? The Iranian economy is in shambles, the Rial is at record lows, its only economic lifeline comes from China, bankrupt Russia, the $10 billion Biden gave them and illegal activities. As Israel just showed– Iran’s vaunted missile force is worth less than advertised. We have not even spoken about the way it treats women and gays and how it treats opponents to its theocracy, how it spreads terror throughout the Middle East and Africa, how it helps Russia destroy Ukraine, how it is a key player in the global drug trade and money laundering.  

We have also not spoken about its foothold in the Western hemisphere and its attempts to infiltrate the United States itself via the porous southern border. 

Worst of all, if the Scroll story is correct, it shows how Biden-Blinken don’t understand what the office of the Presidency of the United States is. It is not just another head of state or head of government, but rather the President’s warnings ought always to be backed up with actions. Biden’s “Don’t Speech 2.0” was laughed at by Iran in public, for all to see. And the Biden-Blinken response is to tell Israel, “don’t”.

Ignoring Biden-Blinken for the moment, Israel must think deeply about its response. It is clear that any response will be followed by more of the same from Iran. Israel must think a few moves ahead and not just attack for the sake of attacking or it will be in the middle of yet another war of attrition. The end of the multiple rounds of attacks must leave Israel in better strategic shape than it is now and must leave Iran substantially weaker.

Whatever Israel decides to do, it must degrade Iran’s military capability by destroying its weapons and bases and killing as many IRG officers as possible. Israel should not bomb the power stations in Tehran or do other non-military strikes. Air force bases, missile silos and Iran’s navy should be targeted in such a way that degrades capabilities. They could start by sinking the Iranian spy ship that is helping the Houthis in the Red Sea.

Israelis seem to think that by “allowing” Iran to attack them it gives them many diplomatic credits, but we already know that these “credits” do not last long.  Whatever Israel does, it ought not to play the “message” game. Its attacks ought to provide tactical advantages in the coming months and not just “warnings to Iran” and “messages to Hezbollah”.

But let’s not ignore Biden-Blinken for a moment.  What if they decide to threaten Israel that if Israel retaliates the US will sit on their hands? 

This would be the time for Israel to do a little threatening of itself. The worst thing for a sitting President running for re-election is a summer gasoline price spike. Israel could certainly threaten to destroy Iran’s oil facilities and help push the price of oil. High gallon gasoline prices this summer will lose Biden more votes than he can gain in Dearborn, Michigan. In exchange for leaving Iran untouched, Israel can demand a free hand in Gaza, including Rafah as well as in Lebanon.  

Would that be worth letting Iran off the hook? It might. Iran was defeated in this battle, but it still believes it will win the war. Giving Israel free reign to destroy Hamas and then Hezbollah means that Iran will lose the war, too. Without Hezbollah, Iran will lose its most important asset in its overall goal of destroying Israel, chasing the US from the Middle East and establishing Shiite dominance in the region. It would turn October 7th into the day that Iran started on its road to defeat.

Israel needs to be opportunistic and aggressive in its dealings with its allies and its enemies. It has to let its allies know that it too is playing the long game and that it will not only hurt those who hurt it – as Netanyahu loves saying – but that it will destroy all who even try to harm it.

More importantly it needs to show its enemies with actions and not with words that threatening Israel means you will be destroyed. 

The Biden-Blinken team must be told in no uncertain terms that Israel is not a vassal.  The end result of this war cannot only be the destruction of Hamas, it must also be the destruction of the Islamic Republic of Iran as a regional power. By sending over nearly 60 tons of explosives to Israel, they have put themselves front and center.

Disclaimer: the views expressed in this opinion article are solely those of the author, and not necessarily the opinions reflected by angrymetatraders.com or its associated parties.

You can follow Ira Slomowitz via The Angry Demagogue on Substack https://iraslomowitz.substack.com/ 

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USD/ZAR Celebratory Parade Should be Put on Hold Awhile

USD/ZAR Celebratory Parade Should be Put on Hold Awhile

The USD/ZAR has produced a solid downward turn since the 1st of April when the currency pair was trading above 19.00000.

The value of the USD/ZAR as of this writing is near the 18.48000 mark as the currency pair fluctuates within Forex. The currency pair has produced a solid downturn since the start of April when it was above the 19.00000 level. The ability of the USD/ZAR to suddenly create a streak of bearish trading and make support levels look vulnerable is intriguing, particularly considering USD centric sentiment against many other major currencies the past week and a half has produced very choppy results in the broad Forex market.

The USD/ZAR is now trading at its monthly low via a technical perspective and the currency pair is testing values last seen at the start of January. The ability of the USD/ZAR to suddenly spark selling may be able to be explained because of the higher value of Gold which is trading at record prices while traversing near 2,360.00 USD currently. Mining makes up roughly 8% of the Gross Domestic Product value for South Africa.

USD/ZAR One Month Chart as of 9th April 2024

However, before a party is launched to start celebrating the reemergence of the South Africa Rand, traders should note the USD/ZAR was trading within its current value range on the 14th of December. Thus the South African Rand is simply taking up residence like many other major currencies including the GBP and EUR within known prices they were valued, when the U.S Federal Reserve ‘changed’ its monetary policy stance on the 13th of December to a more dovish outlook.

The choppiness within the USD/ZAR has been rather extreme over the past few months. On the 28th of December the USD/ZAR was trading near the 18.26000 ratio briefly, on the 23rd of February the currency pair was near the 19.40000 mark and testing values which had been last seen in October of 2023. While the price of Gold is at record values now, the worth of the precious metal might be a false correlation to the USD/ZAR, and technical traders may want to watch the currency pair’s support levels below as a place that reversals higher could be sparked.

U.S Data and Concerns in South Africa Regarding the Election

The U.S will release important inflation data on Wednesday and Thursday. Last month’s Producer Price Index numbers from the States sparked a wave of volatility in Forex and the USD/ZAR was not immune. The bearish cycle in the USD/ZAR has been noteworthy, but fundamental doubt exists regarding its ability to sustain lower price momentum. The U.S Federal Reserve does not appear any closer to cutting its Federal Funds Rate.

There is also a political shadow regarding South Africa elections. The nation’s vote will take place on the 29th of May. The results potentially could create instability and the need for a coalition government which may be difficult to attain without signing off on more costly social policies which the South African government cannot easily afford fiscally.

USD/ZAR Short Term Thoughts:

·         The 18.46000/18.47000 support levels in the short-term may cause reactions if challenged.

·         Traders are urged not to be overly ambitious, particularly if they still want to pursue downside in the USD/ZAR, the use of take profit and stop loss orders is appropriate.

·         Current price levels may spark volatility if financial institutions feel the price of the USD/ZAR has become unbalanced.

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AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Postings for the 5th of April 2024

AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Postings for the 5th of April 2024

10. Petrichor: The pleasant smell after a rain has fallen following a long dry spell which elicits earth’s fragrance. The Fed is likely hoping for this sensation via ‘weaker’ Non-Farm Employment Change numbers today. In December the Federal Reserve spoke about data signals needed in order to cut interest rates. If jobs statistics are stronger than anticipated, there will be no ‘petrichor’ for the Fed.

9. Underreported: Five engineers from China on their way to work for the Dasu dam project they participated, were killed in a ‘suicide’ terrorist attack in Pakistan on the 26th of March. Terror attacks in Pakistan on Chinese involved with infrastructure ‘Economic Corridor’ work have been increasing.

8. Qubits: Microsoft and Quantinuum recently announced they have made breakthroughs regarding quantum computing research reliability. Results have shown 14,000 ‘test routines’ without errors. The emergence of quantum technology approaches.

7. Intrinsic Value: Cocoa is near 9640.0 USD per metric ton as of this morning and remains speculatively energetic. Bitcoin is slightly below 67,000 USD and continues to ‘beat’ the notion that intrinsic value is important.

6. Precious: Gold prices have ‘fallen’ below 2300.00 USD per ounce, and is near 2289.00 for the moment, but the metal is shining as crowds admire its ability to create a safe haven.

5. WTI Crude Oil: Middle East news is rumbling and hyperbole is resonating, the price of the commodity is over 86.40 USD per this writing. A calm weekend, and peaceful end to Ramadan this coming Tuesday might help calm nerves. Higher oil prices will not help global inflation.

4. Forex: The USD/JPY has started to experience waves of volatility and has recently challenged long-term highs. Bottom line is the notion that large players are positioning for today’s U.S data which will affect all financial assets as USD centric power resounds.

3. Equities: The U.S major stock indices are beginning their day near lows not seen since the 15th of March for the Dow 30, and the 19th of March for the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite. Nervous?

2. Bonds Watch: U.S Treasuries need to be monitored as the 5, 7, and 10-Years Notes respond to nervous investors and fears of a new ‘inversion’. Having come off of high yields a couple of days ago, doesn’t mean all is well as values languish near late September 2023 technical realms.

1. Data: Recent chatter from many Fed FOMC members have created anxious investors. Vivid reactions will occur after the Non-Farm Employment Change and Average Hourly Earnings. Bluntly, today’s jobs reports are crucial and the Fed would like the results to be weaker than anticipated in order to consider cutting interest rates. However, if hiring comes in stronger, it would be a sign of a resilient U.S economy and would ignite more USD strength. The first half hour following the jobs numbers may look counter-intuitive regarding price action as financial institutions adjust their trading positions.

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AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Musings for the 29th of March 2024

AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Musings for the 29th of March 2024

10. Holidays: We wish everyone a peaceful long weekend. Hopefully the price of your chocolate eggs have not emptied your wallets.

9. Superconductivity: Nuclear fusion and magnets have a future together. Efficient electricity produced via compact generation is being worked on by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of NASA.

8. TMTG: The Trump Media and Technology Group listed as DJT on Nasdaq ended yesterday’s trading within sight of 62.00 USD. The price is overbought taking into consideration its lack of revenues. However, because of its limited available shares, ‘shorting’ DJT is dangerous and a potentially expensive mistake.

7. Silly Season: U.S elections are growing closer and louder. However, fiscal and foreign policy clarity doesn’t get much airtime. Bread and circus for the masses.

6. Crypto ‘Insanity’: FTX Founder Sam Bankman-Fried was sentenced to 25 years in prison yesterday for his crimes. In the meantime, Bitcoin is over 70,000.00 USD this morning. Binance Coin is valued above 600.00 USD.

5. Frothy: Gold is near 2,230.00 USD per ounce, even as the USD grows in strength. Cocoa closed yesterday around 9,792.00 USD per metric ton, meaning it is more expensive than Copper, and the reason why your chocolate may be getting costly.

4. ‘Quiet’ Data: Core Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index data will be released today in the U.S, this as the financial markets are largely absent. Yesterday’s GDP and Consumer Sentiment numbers were stronger than expected. The inflation statistics may not get much fanfare today, but paying attention to the results could prove worthwhile for speculators.

3. Risk Warning: The return of large trading volumes next week are likely to cause volatility as financial institutions reopen and are reactive.

2. Bias: Many major currencies are struggling against the USD. Traders who believe their chosen currencies have been oversold should contemplate their perspectives and potential bias. Just because you believe something, doesn’t mean it is true. Forex is expressing nervous behavioral sentiment.

1. Fed Watch: Many analysts are starting to believe the Federal Reserve may not be able to cut interest rates this year, but traders should remember politics will be crucial as the U.S Presidential Election approaches. The Fed may be ‘independent’ but they are not deaf. If inflation remains stubborn, the Fed will need weak jobs numbers. But weekly Unemployment Claims came in below expectations yesterday. Financial institutions understand the U.S central bank is in a difficult place.

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Forex Volatility and Coming Data Attractions for this Week

Forex Volatility and Coming Data Attractions for this Week

Nervous trading results have hurt many day traders and likely financial institutions too, as behavioral sentiment in Forex gets blindsided by rather mixed U.S data and the Federal Reserve not giving a definitive answer regarding monetary policy. The violent trading in the USD last week was expected, but the turbulence that many Forex pairs experienced on Thursday and Friday of last week was rather vicious. For all the perceived sophistication of Forex markets via financial institutions, the trading results last week point to a definite fear of the unknown.

USD/JPY Five Day Chart as of 25th March 2024

While the Bank of Japan finally changed its interest rate policy and moved to a Policy Rate of 0.10% early last week, this did not create selling momentum in the USD/JPY. The Federal Reserve’s dangling of potential interest rates to come this year caused temporary weakness in the USD, but as financial institutions and their clients looked at the prospects for a more dovish Fed they apparently became unimpressed as the days passed.

WTI Crude Oil Six Month Chart as of 25th March 2024

The Fed seems to be betting on weaker jobs numbers developing, and there has been data which points to part-time jobs increasing, and full-time jobs becoming harder to find in the States. Jerome Powell said last week that if jobs numbers start to show weakness that the Fed would be willing to begin cutting interest rates even if inflation remains sticky. Lagging economic data correlations have not eased the Fed’s problems.

The Fed has also admitted inflation in housing, transportation and food remains problematic. WTI Crude Oil spent much of last week above 80.00 USD per barrel as its price has begun to show signs of rising incrementally again; and there is little the Fed can do about more expensive energy costs should they be seen. Higher costs for logistics will not make anything cheaper. Pricier mortgages, more expensive rent and insurance rates for cars and gasoline is creating serious knock on effects.

And for the sake of acknowledging the screaming prices in Cocoa, please have a look at the chart below which should explain why your chocolate products are going to be more expensive in the coming months. The price of the most delicious commodity in the world has tripled in less than a year’s time and is around 8931.0 USD per metric ton as of this writing.

Cocoa One Year Chart as of 25th March 2024

Gold turned in a violent week of trading too as it reached 2224.00 last Wednesday, only to fall back to a known value around 2165.00. Day traders are dealing with violent cycles in Forex because sustained trends have been nearly impossible to find. While U.S equity indices are fighting upwards, speculators who are afraid of heights are likely being cautious if they are betting merely on the daily results from the S&P 500, Nasdaq 100 and Dow Jones 30 instead of investing for the long-term.

This week’s coming data from the U.S is important, financial institutions are already dealing with plenty of noise, and they will have to be careful regarding their interpretations regarding the coming economic statistics. Meaning day traders who are speculating in all financial assets should use risk taking tactics that are planned significantly in advance.

Monday, 25th of March, U.S New Home Sales – a slight gain is expected, but mortgage rates continue to shadow the housing sector and cause concerns.

Tuesday, 26th of March, U.S Consumer Confidence via the Conference Board – the reading is anticipating a slight increase. Consumer numbers from the U.S have come in mixed recently. A stronger result than estimated might not be welcomed by traders with bearish sentiment regarding the USD. The Fed wants its cake and to eat it too, they would like to see weaker consumer numbers and a soft economic downturn. If U.S shoppers remain confident this could help sustain inflation. It should be noted too, that Core Durable Goods Orders data will be released one and a half hours before the Consumer Confidence numbers.

AUD/USD Six Month Chart as of 25th March 2024.

Wednesday, 27th of March, Australia Consumer Price Index – inflation numbers are expected to come in slightly higher than the previous results. Like most other central banks, except for the BoJ, the Reserve Bank of Australia would enjoy seeing inflation erode. The AUD/USD will react to the results certainly, but the price action might prove complicated because of USD centric notions.

Thursday, 28th of March, U.S GDP, Weekly Unemployment Claims, Pending Home Sales, and Revised Consumer Sentiment from the University of Michigan – put bluntly day traders will have to be well prepared for the combination of data from the States. Spectators who do not have large trading accounts and cannot take on a great amount of risk, should seriously consider sitting on the sidelines until most of the data is published. The GDP numbers will be watched carefully, while they are expected to match last month’s total, any surprises will affect the USD immediately in Forex. Weaker growth numbers might cause USD sellers to ignite positions.

However, before traders react too much to the Gross Domestic Product numbers, the Weekly Unemployment data will also impact the financial market. Financial institutions are anticipating a higher amount of unemployment claims this week. Also, at the same time as the growth and jobs numbers, the Final GDP Price Index numbers will be brought forth. The mixture from these reports could cause speculative whiplash.

The housing sector numbers and consumer numbers which come one and a half hours later will finish off a very big day for traders and institutional investors. The wide array of data could make this coming Thursday rather loud, and again rather dangerous for retail traders to participate.

Friday, 29th of March, Japan’s Tokyo Core Consumer Price Index – the inflation numbers are expecting to show a slight decrease to 2.4%. The result should certainly be watched by USD/JPY and GBP/JPY traders. If the number were to come in higher than expected, this could cause additional volatility for the Japanese Yen. Financial institutions seemed to indicate last week they would like to see the BoJ become more aggressive with their Policy Rate.

Friday, 29th of March, U.S Core Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index – the reading is expected to be below the previous month’s total. Traders should be on the lookout for revisions to past results. Financial institutions know this inflation number is important for the Federal Reserve, but they are concerned the U.S central bank doesn’t have the ability to combat inflation which is not part of the Core number. Energy and food costs which are hurting U.S consumers are not part of this report and likely making the Federal Reserve gun shy regarding monetary policy – which has caused a large part of the USD whipsaw trading results that Forex has experienced.

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Risky Outlooks: Central Banks and Inflation Colliding

Risky Outlooks: Central Banks and Inflation Colliding

Most traders and investors begin their pursuit of financial assets with an optimistic perspective. However, the markets and ability to speculate also allows those who have other outlooks to equally participate. The past week once again delivered U.S inflation data which was not anticipated. While last Tuesday’s CPI results came in slightly stronger than expected, it was Thursday’s PPI which provided surprises for many.

Producer Price Index Warning from AMT for the 14th of March 2024

Yet, some market participants may not have been utterly shocked by the results. Perhaps it was lucky to ‘guess’ the PPI numbers could cause volatility last Thursday, but the ability to be alert and attentive to the possibility of risk should not be ignored. Risk management is important for all traders.

This coming week will continue to be intriguing for day traders as they try to sail through speculative waters which are going to deliver shifting behavioral sentiment tides. A parade of central banks are ready to step into the limelight and they will focus on the word: inflation. Technical traders who wager on support and resistance levels in the coming days should not be scorned, because sideways and volatile trading results are likely.

U.S equity indices began to struggle the middle of last week, Gold has traded lower and Treasury yields have ticked upwards in recent market action, this as sentiment has again had to acknowledge economic outlooks remains problematic. Trading decisions this week will depend not only on what the central banks say and ‘do’, but also focus on the duration that a speculative position intends to be working.

Monday, 18th of March, China Industrial Production – a gain of 7.0% has beaten the expectation per the data already published this morning. Retail Sales numbers came in slightly below estimates, but Fixed Asset Investment numbers were better than anticipated. However, China’s data remains troublesome and the economic path ahead for the nation must overcome deflation and trust issues from international investors. A lack of confidence from the Chinese public about the value of Real Estate and the over abundance of available property is causing major headwinds economically.

EUR/USD Six Month Chart as of 18th March 2024

Monday, 18th of March, E.U Final Core Consumer Price Index – the European Union will release crucial inflation data. An expected gain of 3.1% is the estimate. While this data release is not considered vital by many investors, the inflation statistics should be watched. The EUR/USD has produced mixed results the past four months as shifting behavioral sentiment due to battling perceptions regarding central bank policy outlooks converge.

USD/JPY Six Month Chart as of 18th March 2024

Tuesday, 19th of March, Bank of Japan – the BoJ will deliver their Monetary Policy Statement and Policy Rate. While no numerical change is expected from the BoJ, signs for a change in rhetoric will be looked for as central bank observers try to read the tea leaves. The Japanese economy is within an intriguing spot, there have been signs of improvement, but the Bank of Japan is likely to remain on a conservative path regarding negative interest rates for the moment. The USD/JPY remains within the higher realms of its price range as the currency pair grapples with global inflation outlooks.

AUD/USD Six Month Chart as of 18th March 2023

Tuesday, 19th of March, Reserve Bank of Australia – the RBA is expected to parrot the pronouncements of the other central banks as they point to stubborn inflation and ‘improving yet lackluster’ economic outlook. Trading in the AUD/USD has been choppy and the volatility is likely to continue within the known price range.

Tuesday, 19th of March, Canada CPI – the Consumer Price Index data is anticipated to show inflation remains remains sticky in the ‘Northern Tundra’. The CPI report from Canada should be monitored because of the strong relationship between the U.S and Canadian economies. The USD/CAD will react to any surprises.

Wednesday, 20th of March, U.K Consumer Price Index – yet another important inflation report. Great Britain has been a ‘poster child’ regarding stagflation. The ugly word is not something central banks, nor governments want to discuss, but the simple truth is that problematic inflation and limited growth equal stagflation. The statistics from the U.K should be examined. The economic health of Great Britain is often a solid reflection of global conditions.

Wednesday, 20th of March, U.S Federal Reserve – the Federal Funds Rate, FOMC Statement and Fed Press Conference will be focal points for investors. Except importantly, not much is likely to be said be Jerome Powell that isn’t known already. Inflation reports from the U.S have highlighted stubborn higher prices. U.S economic numbers regarding manufacturing and consumer confidence have started to turn lower, but the Fed is not going to change its policy this week. Talk about ‘becoming’ dovish will be heard, but the U.S central bank still wants to see more proof that inflation can erode before they start to cut interest rates in the mid-term.

Thursday, 21st of March, E.U Manufacturing and Services PMI, readings will come from France, Germany and the U.K via the Purchasing Managers Index results. Most of the data will likely continue to point to lackluster outlooks, only the Services PMI from the U.K is expected to offer a glimmer of hope regarding ‘expansion’. If the Flash numbers come in worse than expected this could cast a shadow over behavioral sentiment for European investors.

GBP/USD Six Month Chart as of 18th March 2024

Thursday, 21st of March, Bank of England – the BoE is likely to keep its Official Bank Rate within place and their pronouncements via the Monetary Policy Summary may sound like a replica of the U.S Federal Reserve. Inflation and growth will be spoken about and the BoE will try its best to paint an optimistic picture. The GBP/USD will react to the gyrations, but the range of the currency pair will have already seen tests in the preceding days. The past four months have produced a value as of the 18th of March, that is hovering slightly above late November and early December 2023 prices.

Friday, 22nd of March, U.K Retail Sales – a negative result of minus -0.3% is expected. The retail data will certainly be watched, but following the massive week of central bank statements and data which have already been published, this number may prove to be rather anti-climatic unless there is a massive surprise.

Friday, 22nd of March, E.U ECB and U.S Fed – Officials from both central banks will engage in a variety of speeches in Europe and the U.S, but again after the week’s worth of central bank rhetoric which has been heard, investors are unlikely to react much to these soundbites from members of the European Central Bank and Federal Reserve. Existing behavioral sentiment which has been produced in the dynamic days beforehand should remain the central theme as investors go into the weekend.

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AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Rays for the 15th of March 2024

AMT Top Ten Miscellaneous Rays for the 15th of March 2024

10. Argentina: President Javier Milei is practicing fiscal sanity. The health of the Argentine Peso has improved, and monthly inflation data has begun to show signs of erosion.

9. Copper: The commodity has shown a steady increase since the 9th of February and is challenging values last seen in April of 2023. Demand could signal better global economic outlooks emerging.

8. Gold: The precious metal is near 2167.00 USD which appears high momentarily, this as questions about USD near-term direction lurks and Forex remains choppy.

7. Aramco: Profits for the energy producer were an approximately 121 billion USD for 2023, this as Saudi Arabia is propelling the nation’s infrastructure towards an elite future.

6. Bubble Watch: Binance Coin is around 580.00 USD as of this writing. BNB/USD was near 200.00 in the middle of October 2023.

5. Centrists: Will the adults be allowed back into the political arena to govern and brush away populists?

4. Inflation: Consumer prices are causing pain and household arrears are growing. Total U.S credit card debt is estimated over 1 trillion USD by the Reserve Bank of New York.

3. China: New Home Prices are still losing value via data released today. And the Shanghai Composite Index is near 3050.00 which looks suspiciously like a member of the ‘too expensive club’.

2. Data: U.S Producer Price Index stats were sharply higher yesterday, while Retail Sales came in below estimates. University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment readings will be published today. The U.S economic outlook remains murky.

1. Prediction: Fed’s FOMC meeting next week will provide financial institutions cautious ‘vanilla’ remarks about monetary policy from Jerome Powell, meaning market conditions will likely continue to move sideways.

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Forex: Powell, ECB and U.S Jobs Numbers as Gold and Oil Run

Forex: Powell, ECB and U.S Jobs Numbers as Gold and Oil Run

Day traders and investors received a dose of optimistic ‘news’ last week as U.S economic data came in weaker than expected. While Forex certainly proved choppy as anticipated, the USD has shown signs of stability and perhaps has created a durable resistance level up above regarding its potential value looking into the mid-term.

Gold Six Month Chart as of 5th March 2024

A potential telltale sign regarding the USD in Forex is the current price of Gold which is testing highs and as of this writing is near 2115.00 USD. While below the speculative heights of early December, the precious metal is above prices seen in late December when the USD was being sold heavily. The value of Gold is a rather solid barometer regarding outlook for behavioral sentiment in Forex. A weaker USD translates into a higher Gold price in many cases.

U.S Treasury yields have also decreased slightly over the past handful of days. And while U.S equity indices are within sight of record values, traders should monitor developing news regarding U.S regional banks and concerns about New York Community Bancorp (NYBC). For the moment it appears investors have not turned too nervous when considering the bigger picture of stock markets. Perhaps last year’s regional bank crisis has made investors in equity indices feel immune to fears of contagion stemming from bad commercial real estate lending. Or perhaps many folks are marching along merrily and refuse to pay attention for fear of missing out when their associates continue to parade into the indices.

The cryptocurrency market has come out of its deep freeze and sunshine is pervading the mindsets of speculative gamblers in crypto assets. U.S run ETFs are raising a lot of money. Folks have driven the market sky high again in the digital asset Bitcoin and its fellow travelers like Ethereum, Binance Coin, and there have been signs of pure casino like wagering in Dogecoin and Shibu Inu. Be carefu if you are considering dipping your toes into this ‘market’. Volatility and changes of sentiment can happen in the flick of an eye.

USD/JPY Six Month Chart as of 5th March 2024

Monday, 4th of March, Japan Capital Spending – a huge jump of 16.4% was reported yesterday. This points to better economic sentiment. The Bank of Japan has been getting a lot of attention the past handful of months because some financial institutions expect the BoJ’s monetary policy to begin changing. The USD/JPY remains near important resistance levels, but below the highs of last October and November 2023 values. Mid-term speculators may be leaning towards bearish sentiment in the currency pair, but a trend lower has not been established yet.

Tuesday, 5th of March, U.S Service PMI via ISM – last week’s growth and inflation data from the U.S was less than expected. While the U.S economy has shown rather stubborn growth, the American economy may be showing signs of slowing. Today’s reading is expected to come in below the previous month’s outcome.

Wednesday, 6th of March, U.S Federal Reserve Chairman Powell – the Fed chief will testify before the Senate via the Semi-Annual Monetary Report over a two day span. Because it is an election year a rather aggressive amount of questions will be asked. However, Powell is a skilled speaker and it unlikely he will be rattled by political rhetoric. Of interest will be any comments regarding inflation, this as the Fed Chairman is asked for insights regarding the Federal Funds Rate outlook. While this testimony in Washington D.C is usually a polite get together, the notion that some politicians may try to score points will make this a potentially important calendar event for investors to pay attention regarding financial market gyrations. Powell is expected to remain cautious regarding his answers.

WTI Crude Oil One Year Chart as of 5th March 2024

Wednesday, 6th of March, U.S Crude Oil Inventories – last week’s U.S supply report posted increased results, yet the price of WTI Crude Oil jumped the end of last week. The value of the commodity remains within the lower part of its one year range and should be watched. Recent speculative action has shown some buying momentum. The price of energy is a big component within global inflation and should be watched as the 80.00 USD Crude Oil level is challenged.

EUR/USD Six Month Chart as of 5th March 2024

Thursday, 7th of March, European Central Bank Main Refinancing Rate – once again the ECB is expected to not act. The question is if financial institutions may try to send the European Central Bank a message because of its ‘inaction’ as inflation remains stubborn in Europe and growth hard to achieve. The EUR/USD has returned to value above the 1.08000 mark again, but visions of a stronger EUR have been hard to attain. The combination of the ECB Monetary Policy Statement and Press Conference, as Fed Chairman Jerome Powell is addressing politicians in Washington D.C could make for an interesting day of volatility in Forex.

Thursday, 7th of March, U.S State of the Union – President Joe Biden will deliver his address to Congress.

Friday, 8th of March, U.S Non-Farm Employment Change and Average Hourly Earnings – weaker jobs numbers and diminishing wage escalation are expected. U.S economic data last week came in below estimates. This report will be a solid barometer for financial institutions. While the work force numbers in the U.S are said to be tight – meaning there is full employment – layoffs have certainly been taking place in some sectors. Also worth paying attention to in the ‘back pages’ of the report, will be the amount of average hours worked by employees which have seen a statistical decline emerge.

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AMT’s Dubious Dozen Forex March 2024 Sentiment Outlook

AMT's Dubious Dozen Forex March 2024 Sentiment Outlook

The Dubious Dozen is comprised of nations who are wealthy or should be, and face criticism because of domestic and sometimes international policies. As the reader you are free to differ from the AMT opinions, which are admittedly subjective. The ratings and outlooks are not delivered as trading advice, but as a viewpoint to inform. The work presented is a living document. The nations and currencies listed, and data and critiques shall change monthly according to points deemed important.

AMT Dubious Dozen March 2024 Forex Sentiment Outlook

AMT’s Dubious Dozen Monthly Forex Sentiment Outlook has a scaled ratings table, listing nations and currencies that are judged to have concerns regarding outlooks due to behavioral sentiment factors within financial institutions and among citizens, based on economics, transparency, and risk concerns about government fiscal policy, and ‘leanings’ toward autocracy. Metrics like inflation, gross domestic product, direct foreign investment information, debts and budgets, and foreign currency holdings which are gathered from various public sources will sometimes be presented.

AMT also tries to judge the trust level the citizens of the nations have in their domestic currencies via exchange rates, black market FX factors, and alternative assets held to guard against potential risks – like digital assets, cryptocurrencies, and gold.

A lack of credibility in a ‘fiat’ currency is dangerous and often leads to black markets for Forex in search of safe-haven currencies like the USD. The lack of a credible domestic currency also leads to price inflation because people selling goods fear the value of the domestic currency is losing value rapidly. Rampant inflation also leads to a desire to sidestep taxation on occasion.

Problematic inflation and inability to collect taxes may open the door for certain countries to contemplate and potentially initiate Central Bank Digital Currencies in order to control domestic economic activity. It is not a coincidence that China, Iran, among others are considering implementation of CBDC’s. The potential of CBDC’s by governments could allow for draconian laws for citizens of certain nations. The ability for a government to check on how all money is used via a centralized blockchain could lead to a more authoritarian landscape.

Quick Insights of the Dubious Dozen Nations Listed:

Argentine Peso (ARS): The election of President Javier Milei has started to ignite changes within fiscal policy and has created hope among international observers of a less corrupt Argentina. However, many obstacles still must be overcome by the newly elected leader and the government, and many economic issues will take patience from the public to improve. Patience has not been a classic virtue in Argentina, unless one considers the ability to accept massive corruption and go on with everyday life as a supreme power.

Brazilian Real (BRL):  Concerns regarding potential fiscal policy changes hover over the existing government which leans towards a socialistic bent and has shown a tendency to align itself with some of the most autocratic governments. Some businesses and investors are anxious about the potential of government mismanagement to develop under President Lula da Silva. The listing of Brazil will create catcalls from some, but the fear in some circles is what might happen if fiscal policy which is led by a socialistic government becomes too populist. For the moment the BRL appears to be under control, which is a good thing. However, the Brazilian Real should be kept in sight for any signs of nervousness.

Chinese Yuan (CNY): The domestic economy remains troubling and fragile. Deflation abounds. Manufacturing, electrical usage, real estate, export numbers should be monitored by observers. Government policy, and transparency reliability due to political control by the Communist Party is problematic. Concerns are causing a backlash among many foreign investors who are looking elsewhere for long-term business endeavors, when they have the ability to divest. Stats: IMF expected GDP for China in 2024 is 4.6% for 2024. China is suffering from current monthly deflation around minus – 0.80%.

Egyptian Pound (EGP): Corruption is problematic within national institutions, bureaucracy issues plague businesses due to interference. Central bank independence is in question as the government faces a litany of fiscal problems. Worries persist about a devaluation for the EGP in order to try and get inflation under control which is currently near 26.5%. The Egyptian Pound is viewed as highly vulnerable.

Iranian Rial (IRR): The nation remains mired under international sanctions. The government practices a heavy hand regarding domestic policies which carry the threat of prison and worse because of the ability to oppress the general population. The Iranian Revolutionary Guard which has several branches of ‘service’ helps the ruling government dominate and benefits monetarily, which makes the Iranian leadership and its ability to rule comparable to a mafia. The current inflation rate in Iran is estimated to be around 32.5%. Unemployment in Iran is estimated to be above 10% and 60% of the total economy is believed to be centralized by the government.

Nigerian Naira (NGN): Corruption remains a troubling part of Nigeria. Although it is a massive exporter of commodities including ‘energy’, and has a dynamic demographic, government policy is highly questionable. Nigeria’s GDP is estimated to be around 3.46% as of December 2023. A problem for Nigeria is its shadow/informal market economy, which is estimated to be nearly 58.2%. Corruption and an inability to legitimately collect taxes hurts the government’s finances and its citizens. The Nigerian Naira is weak and is losing credibility.

Pakistani Rupee (PKR): Economic concerns regarding export and import disparities are a major factor in the lack of foreign currency reserves. A new government has been elected in Pakistan which has been able to form a ruling coalition. Issues regarding corruption remain troubling. Pakistan has also formed a stronger relationship with China, particularly as they search for strong economic partnerships, but this may leave them vulnerable politically. The IMF is a large factor in the current valuation of the PKR. The currency has been stable for a handful of months but needs monitoring.

Russian Ruble (RUB): Although the war with the Ukraine battles on, Russia has found a way to continue to create growth within its economy even in the midst of sanctions. The nation has found other ways to trade and acquire products from abroad via ‘new’ trading channels largely coming from Central and Eastern Asian routes. Russia’s government is seen as highly one dimensional and rules with an iron fist.  Russia’s economy appears to have grown at a remarkable rate of 3.6% during 2023. Core Consumer Prices were about 7.15% higher as of January 2024 per annum. Vladimir Putin has played a rather impressive game of economic poker with the ‘West’ in light of the Ukrainian war, much to the chagrin of his critics.

South African Rand (ZAR): The African National Congress has been in power nearly 30 years. Concerns about mismanagement and corruption abound which are believed to influence questionable fiscal policy. The South African economic outlook is weak due to problems regarding reliable electrical supply, logistical problems at ports, and bureaucratic interference led by government policy which leans towards central controls.  A large amount of immigrants from other African nations are still coming to South Africa as a cheap labor source, but professionally trained people are still unfortunately leaving South Africa via emigration in large numbers. The South African Rand has been within the grips a long-term trend of losing value, and while not entirely vulnerable its credibility is becoming shakier.

Turkish Lira (TRY): A thriving business and manufacturing base exists in the nation. However, inflation due to fiscal policy in Turkey remains an impediment for corporations which are forced to deal with a currency that many within the nation are worried about because of its incrementally weaker outlook which has been noteworthy for a handful of years. There are concerns about current government leadership regarding transparency and a tendency to interfere in Turkish Central Bank decisions. Financial institutions and their corporate clients have a difficult path as they try to mitigate the constant threat of high inflation in Turkey due to questionable fiscal policy.

Venezuelan Boliver Soberano (VES): The failed socialistic nightmare continues to cause squalor in Venezuela. If you want to see the potential of where the VES is headed look to Zimbabwe and the years that a combination of despotic rule under the guise of socialism has delivered. Venezuela should be a rich and successful country due to its natural resources, but it is led by a band of thieves. The black market rate of exchange if it can be found in cities like Caracas is much higher than the ‘official’ listed rate of the government. The VES has little to no credibility.

Zimbabwean Dollar (ZWD/ZWL): The nation is still trying to fix the problems caused by government mismanagement under the authoritarian leadership of Robert Mugabe which led to hyper-inflation and the destruction of the economy. Zimbabwe has a long way to go and issues to overcome to achieve the reintroduction of a domestic currency which does not suffer from a lack of faith from its citizens, which have led to a wide abandonment of the Zimbabwean Dollar and demonetization.

A national currency that is tradable internationally does not exist, the government is aiming for another attempt at monetization in 2025 if economic stability is created. The Botswana Pula (BWP), USD, and ZAR are among other currencies that are used and accepted by the population to transact business. The government tries to monitor all FX exchanges after years of misrule, but this does not stop a vigorous black market. There is an accepted perception the current leadership is trying to fix the massive problems which have created havoc in the nation for a few decades, but the road back to normality is still perilous.